Psychology in Animation

Just something interesting I found recently, whilst I was researching how to design characters! I was looking up more of Klaus’ character design process by Spa Studios on YouTube and accidentally came across these videos made by a filmmaker and family therapist. They make videos about both live action and Disney films and then psychoanalyse it! I thought it was interesting how they decoded the messages in the Pixar films using neuroscience and psychology! 😀

It’s wonderful to see how these themes actually relate to the real world and how Pixar is able to convey these with subtlety! This is of course for a more mature audience, but it is also notable how kids can be made aware of these situations through the medium of animation!

Cinema Therapy

I’m actually really interested in neuroscience – particularly how the brain forms memories, both short term and long term – how we process information and how the brain stores this wide world of information. Its so wonderful how we process so much information in such little time, but when we are really enthused by what we learn our brains store all of it for future reference!

Human memory chart – Google

I researched quite a bit into this during my Foundation course, as I was making a film based on the memories that I could recall of my grandfather when he passed away. I was very little when he did pass away, so I was shocked at the details that I could remember even though it was so long ago! Maybe it was because I was so attached to him and loved him very much!

I suppose this relates a lot to what they (Jonathan Decker and Alan Seawright) were talking about in regards to the brain processing information that is learnt quickly by converting them into abstract thoughts – a scene shown pretty literally in Inside Out! Apparently our brain does process certain information in these very four stages!

They also talked about the subconscious mind, and how our anxieties or repressed memories that are stored in there, actually come out in dreams. Often referred to as the ID monster in Freudian terms – another one of my most favourite things to learn! I love studying Freud’s and Carl Jung’s theories on personas, find them very interesting!

Cinema Therapy

I also found the above video interesting where they talk about Rapunzel being gaslighted by Mother Gothel, especially prominent in the song, ‘Mother knows best’ – which I’ll admit, I loved the way the song was sung and I thought that the acting (animation wise) was great too!

Another thing that Jonathan and Alan mentioned in this video, that I never noticed, although I love this film and have watched it countless times, that Mother Gothel always touches Rapuzel’s hair (because that’s important to her) and Eugene takes the hair away (looking at her true self)

Motherrrr knows best!

Lucy Lill – Character Stories

We had this great workshop with Lucy Lill yesterday! 😀 It was all about stories and character archetypes and the things to think about when making stories for our graduation films next year.

She got us to do a really fun exercise – which made the usual day of just sitting in front of a computer that much more exciting and interactive! I got to see the faces of my classmates, whom I’ve not seen for a while due to all this online learning during lockdown. So the first game we played was, imagining a picture in your mind and then each person adds something to it. Lucy began with a sunny day on the street in Rome, with a boy holding a fish standing next to a fountain. By the time this got around the group, we had the boy licking an ice-cream statue outside a gelato shop with ice-creams mirroring the colours of the rainbow that was formed because of the water from the fountain and the bright sun! I did miss the end because of wifi issues, but it was fun!

She then told us a story from Grimm’s fairytales called ‘The Seven Ravens’:

The Seven Ravens – Pinterest

So in short here is how this story goes –

There was a farmer who had seven sons, but he longed for a daughter. Finally on a wintery night, his daughter was born, but she was frail. So he sent his sons to the village to bring back some water from the well and a priest. His sons rushed off to get some water, but on the way they slipped and the jug broke. The sons came back empty handed to a very angry father, who cursed them to leave and fly away; so they turned into crows and flew far away. The girl however, lived and grew to be beautiful. One day whilst in the village, she overheard some women talking about her now sad family. So she went to her father and learnt the truth. That night, she slipped her mother’s ring off her finger and while her parents slept, journeyed to the very edge of the world, where the sun scorched her and the moon froze her until she jumped. The stars however, caught her in a net and laid her onto the ground. When the girl woke she saw a crystal castle at the end of the field where she lay. She ran to it and found a keyhole, but she couldn’t find a key. So she cut off her little finger with a stone and used it as a key. She finally got in to see seven bowls of soup on a table. She slipped her mothers ring into one and hid in the cupboard. Soon her brothers appeared and one of them found the ring. She then ran out to them and cried and her tears turned them into humans again.

Lucy put us in groups and got one of us to tell the same story in 3, 2 and 1 minute respectively. The point of the exercise was to realise that we can’t get out every detail in a single minute, so by nature we condense the story down to main points or ‘bones’. The audience would still understand the story without all the unnecessary details! So as an exercise we just picked what we thought we the bones of this story.

  1. Sick daughter
  2. Father curses sons, they leave
  3. Daughter discovers the truth
  4. Goes on a quest
  5. Makes a sacrifice
  6. Brothers recognise her
  7. Curse is lifted

Then we spoke about what would be the beginning, development (middle) and the end. For me the first two points would be the beginning, then 3, 4 and 5 would be the development or act 2, with 6 and 7 being the climax ending.

Lucy then gave us another exercise, where we break down a film we love/watched and I picked Harry Potter (the entire series, which was probably an oversight on my part).

Harry Potter – Image from Cinemablend

Here are the bones for Harry Potter:

  1. Orphaned baby boy is sent to live with aunt and uncle
  2. Grows to learn he has magical abilities
  3. Goes to magic school and makes friends
  4. Faces challenges presented by an evil lord
  5. Learns the truth about his past
  6. Goes on a conquest with his friends
  7. Destroys the evil lord and lives happily ever after

Okay that felt a little weird to say the least as I love Harry Potter (both books and movies) and was obsessed with the series when I was a teenager, so it was strange and hard to have to leave out so many important details that make the story so much better!

I also tried to do the same to Ratatouille, another one of my most loved Pixar films! So here are the bones:

Image from Google – sites at Penn State
  1. Rat that loves to cook
  2. Gets separated from family
  3. Lands up hungry in a restaurant’s kitchen
  4. Meets a clumsy boy
  5. Becomes his confidant and helps him cook (literally)
  6. Boy finds out he is the heir to the restaurant
  7. Fame gets to him and is challenged by a food critic
  8. Everyone finds out about rat
  9. Rat opens his own restaurant

She then showed us these two films:

Lucy and the Limbs by Edlyn Capulong
Nuggets by Andreas Hykade

I thought that the animation techniques in Lucy and the Limb were great, especially the combination of what looked like either puppet/stop-motion with 2d characters. I however, did not quite understand the entire story. At first I thought the limbs belonged to the boy who is revealed at the very end, but then the boy discards his body and just becomes one with the limbs. I did understand that it was a story about an unnatural friendship.

The second film Nuggets however, I understood straight away that it was a film regarding addiction and how that has a toll on the birds body as it continues consuming it. The point came across clearly with the repetition in the animation and as the bird becomes heavier the background goes darker. My classmate Clo pointed out how the yellow nugget stays bright throughout, emphasising this metaphor of long term addiction to a particular drug.

The idea was for us to understand that sometimes keeping simple characters with strong stories can help make the point/main idea come across clearer than spending ages with details and intricacies that aren’t required and might have lesser impact on the audience.

In the later half of the session we moved on to characters:

Lucy mentioned Pixar’s 22 rules of storytelling: ‘Come up with a character’s personality and then challenge them to do something that they are uncomfortable with and see how they would respond’

We looked at archetypes and here are the ones that Lucy shared with us:

  1. HERO – Slaps chest and says ‘I can do it’
  2. MOTHER – Open arms ‘I love you’
  3. KING – Crown on head ‘make it so’
  4. CRONE – Grasps ‘Mine’
  5. TRICKSTER – Looks over shoulder ‘Who me?’
  6. CHILD – Raises eyebrows with wide eyes ‘Hello world’
  7. HELPER – Raises hand ‘I’m here’
  8. VIRGIN – Head down eyes up ‘I have treasure’
  9. DEVIL – Eyes straight beckoning ‘do what I say’
  10. WISEMAN/HERMIT – Looking up ‘Listen’

We then picked two of these and came up with some drawings for them. My choices were the crone and helper:

© Vaibhavi Venkataraman 2021

We also got together in groups and discussed what kind of archetype pairs would work together, which ones wouldn’t and then what those archetypes are comfortable/uncomfortable with before the end of the very lovely session!

I really enjoyed this fun and interactive session with Lucy and thanks to her learnt a lot about characters and what’s important in a story and what’s not! I look forward to meeting her again next term!

Facial Acting Exercise (Puppet)

Here is a quick facial acting exercise I did with my puppet!

Facial acting exercise
Facial acting keys

This was really fun to do and was a little easier considering I had the keys figured out in 2D! I am quite happy with how it turned out but I am going to give it another go purely because I destroyed my puppets hands in the process!!

The cup (also made of clay) turned out to be too heavy for his poor wrist and his wrists would keep on falling off and I ultimately had to stick a pin through the cup and into his body to be able to shoot the rest of my animation.

I also realised after getting some amazing feedback from Ko and Christina, that his eyebrows should probably be more exaggerated purely because it is a facial acting exercise and it probably looked much too similar to the body acting one.

Ko had a great idea to put the sequence into either TV Paint or Photoshop and then take out his eyebrows and replace them with 2D ones! That way I’d be mixing two mediums together! I love that idea and am looking forward to experimenting with it soon 😀

Christina also had this wonderful idea of reshooting it with the puppet using both his hands to lift the cup and then when he reacts to his drink maybe one arm could let go/ alternately just use both his hands to push the cup away from his body! She also said that it might be a good idea to straighten out the arm completely when he rejects his drink and that way it would be far more effective 😀

I also had the idea of animating the cup solely in 2D and that way I’d have the puppet in a safe place to be able to reuse it for my lip sync exercise!